Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 21

Personal Statement Example Essentially, I have many of the required qualities to make a good accountant. Besides, accounting was my major during my undergraduate program. All these attributes will contribute to my competence when I enrol for my MAcc program. Since every field requires some qualities and skills, accounting too requires some basic qualities, a majority of which I possess. Primarily, I am good with calculations and mathematics has always been my favourite subject from my early childhood education. It has also enabled me to comprehend the beauty of accounting as a career path. I strongly believe that I can make a competent and efficient accountant with the good quantitative skills that I possess. Moreover, my communication skills are excellent for both oral and written communication. I fully understand the fact that accountants deal various clienteles on a daily basis and this aspect requires excellent interpersonal and communication skills. I have won several accolades for debating contests in high schools because of my good oral expression skills. As far as time management is concerned, I am proud to say that I allocate everything that I do appropriate time. My good time management skills have enabled me to balance between family, relationships, life, and education without necessarily affecting my grades. In addition, I have good analytical skills that are vital for all accountants. I always assess every situation before acting or making a decision. Since accounting is a respected profession all over the world, I have always strived to maintain a high sense of professionalism. I have managed to accomplish this attribute through honesty, trustworthiness, and listening attitude. I uphold high ethical standards because I understand that every client and stakeholder deserves respect and personal integrity. I was a student leader both in high school and at the university and such privileges have enabled me to act professionally at all

Research Methods in Health Science Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Research Methods in Health Science - Essay Example Ethical principles used in the scientific researches, different approaches to the issues of reality, truth and knowledge and many other aspects of researches would be easily interpreted from the perspective of philosophical considerations (Patterson, 2000; Scanlan, 1986). The main challenge in discussion about research methods applied in health science researches is differentiation between quantitative and qualitative research methodologies (Grinnell & Unrau, 2005). It is a wrong claim that quantitative researches are based on empirical data collection and qualitative researches are based on subjective approach implementation. Nevertheless, this supposition is wrong, because empirical data collection is relevant to both quantitative and qualitative researchers. The main distinction between these two methodologies lies in the following terms: quantitative research methodologies imply inductive inference and qualitative researches are focused more on a research question. ... The main goal of the authors was to consider â€Å"a correlation between clinical features and MRI findings in lumbar disc prolapse in order to define the significance of further treatment development† (Janardhana, Rao & Kamath, 2010). The main clinical features studied among patients were the following: pain distribution, neurological signs, and symptoms in lumbar disc prolapse (Janardhana, Rao & Kamath, 2010). Therefore, the authors were focused on patients’ clinical features, such as lower limb radiculopathy and the outpatient department of orthopedics were included in the study. The authors chose quantitative approach to the current health study. This fact can be proven by the fact that a focus group consisted of 119 patients, 59 males and 64 females. The mean age (44.83 years) of patients and a range of female/male age groups indicated in the results section of the study refers to the main features of quantitative research (Moore, 2008). Moreover, in the section of â€Å"Materials and Methods† it was noted that Kappa coefficient was implemented for assessment of intra- and interobserver variations. Furthermore, implementation of statistical tests (Kappa and Logistic regression analysis) confirms the nature of quantitative research. A correlation between research question and a chosen approach It is relevant to notice that in previous studies in this field, MRI findings were rarely correlated with clinical level and MRI level. A high percentage of cases when the L4-5 disc prolapse was not only responsible for L5 radiculopathy in 67 (94.36%) cases imply that there is a â€Å"good correlation between the clinical level and MRI level† (Janardhana, Rao & Kamath, 2010). Moreover, a

The Mill on the Floss - Simbolistic approach Essay Example for Free

The Mill on the Floss Simbolistic approach Essay George Eliot was the male pseudonym of Mary Ann Evans (she would later call herself Marian), born on November 22, 1819 at Arbury Farm in Warwickshire. Her father, Robert Evans, was an overseer at the Arbury Hall estate, and Eliot kept house for him after her mother died in 1836. The Mill on the Floss involves many autobiographical details, and it reflects Eliots close childhood relationships with her father and her older brother Isaac. The Floss is a somewhat difficult symbol to track, as it also exists for realistic effect in the workings of the novel. On the symbolic level, the Floss is related most often to Maggie, and the river, with its depth and potential to flood, symbolizes Maggies deeply running and unpredictable emotions. The rivers path, nonexistent on maps, is also used to symbolize the unforseeable path of Maggies destiny. St. Ogg, the legendary patron saint of the town, was a Floss ferryman. One night a woman with a child asked to be taken across the river, but the winds were high and no other boaters would take her. Only Ogg felt pity for her in her need and took her. When they reached the other side, her rags turned into robes, and she revealed herself to be the Blessed Virgin. The Virgin pronounced Oggs boat safe to all who rode in it, and she sat always in the prow. The parable of Ogg rewards the human feeling of pity or sympathy. Maggie has a dream during her night on the boat with Stephen, wherein Tom and Lucy row past them, and Tom is St. Ogg, while Lucy is the Virgin. The dream makes explicit Maggies fear of having neglected to sympathize with those whom she hurts during her night with Stephen (and also, perhaps, her fear that they will not sympathize with her in the future). But it is Maggie, finally, who stands for St. Ogg, as she rows down river thinking only of Toms safety during the flood in a feat of almost miraculous, divinely-protected effort. Especially in the early books of The Mill on the Floss, Tom, and especially Maggie, are associated with animal imagery. The imagery is usually of farm-type animals—ponies, dogs, ducks—and usually points to the characters capacity for affection or non-adherence to social convention. Following Darwin, Eliot uses this imagery also to gesture toward the wider relation between humans and animals that can be especially seen in young children. Thus, when Maggie and Tom reconcile in Chapter IV of Book First, the narrator points out, We [adults] no longer approximate in our behaviour to the mere impulsiveness of the lower animals, but conduct ourselves in every respect like members of a highly civilized society. Maggie and Tom were still very much like young animals. The motif of darkness and lightness of women—meaning their eyes, hair, or skin—is often used to emphasize the uniqueness of Maggies appearance. The motif of darkness and lightness connects to the motif of the distinctions between the Dodsons and the Tullivers—the Tullivers have darker skin, while the Dodsons have lighter skin. The Dodsons, and indeed, all of St. Oggs, respect or covet Lucy Deanes fair appearance. Her lightness is also prized in a larger cultural arena, and, in Book Fourth, Maggie becomes frustrated by the traditional plot lines in which the light, blond women live happily ever after in love. Maggies family views her darkness as ugly and unnatural, yet by the end of the novel, it has made men perceive Maggie as more beautiful because her darkness is a rarity. Eliot depicts Maggies eyes as her most striking feature. All men (including Philip, Bob Jakin, and Stephen) notice her eyes first and become entranced. Maggies eyes are a symbol of the power of emotion she contains—the depth of feeling and hunger for love that make her a tragic character. This unique force of character seems to give her power over others, for better or for worse. In Book First, Maggie is associated with Medusa, the monster who turns men to stone by looking at them. Maggies eyes compel people, and different characters reactions to them often reflect the characters relationship with Maggie. Thus, Philip, who will become Maggies teacher, in a sense, and first love, notices that her eyes were full of unsatisfied intelligence, and unsatisfied, beseeching affection. Bob Jakin, who views Maggie as superior to him and a figure of whom to be in awe, reports that Maggie has such uncommon eyes, they looked somehow as they made him feel nohow. Finally, Stephen, who will exploit the inner struggle that Maggie has felt for the entire novel, notices that Maggies eyes are full of delicious opposites.

The Concept Of The Afterlife Religion Essay

The Concept Of The Afterlife Religion Essay Throughout the history of man one of the biggest questions that haunt human existence is the question of the Afterlife. Is there a God? Is there a heaven or a hell? Do we have souls? And what happens to it once it leaves this earth and the physical body? The prospect of the unknown has brought about many different ideas and theories; each religion, culture and era has developed their own notions and set truths in order to explain what will happen once we die. In order to gain some understanding on this subject this paper will exam the four biggest religions; Christianity, Islam, Buddhism and Hinduism and how they explain the unknown and the divine plane beyond ours. Christianity In the Christian religion they believe in the concept that after physical death the soul maintains consciousness and there is an in-between state between death and the resurrection of the body. Another concept is that until the resurrection, which will happen during the Second Coming or the return of Jesus Christ also known as Judgment day, the spirit sleeps. These two ideas are divided into three main sects; The Catholic Church, the Orthodox Church, and Protestantism. Although all three of these groups are similar in that they believe that upon death the soul will face judgment for his or her actions while on earth, they each have their different perception of when and how it will happen. These in-between states mentioned above are classified into two planes, Heaven and Hell, within the New Testament. Even though Hades appears in both the New Testament and in the Revelation, to express the concept of hell, the idea of hell does not derive from the place in Greek mythology that is the underworld the place of the dead. This is due to the fact that it is a place that consists of the undead both good and bad. Therefore to better understand hell one talks about Tartarus a place in the underworld even lower than Hades were the wicked go. Hell is described to be a place or state, were souls who have not repented for their sins and/or have rejected Jesus Christ as their savior, suffer eternal damnation. In biblical teachings it is said that the soul passes into hell after God has judged them irredeemable for their actions while on earth. Hades also consist of Elysium, a utopia were those who have lived worthy lives go. This is known as the kingdom of God or Kingdom of heaven, discussed mostly in Revelations in the New Testament. It is considered a place or state that is inherited by the righteous a place of paradise and eternity with god. Although the literalness of heaven is debatable, it is said while on earth, Jesus often preached about the heven as a reward, a final destination, for those who have been virtuous and followed the word of his father. Christians believe that in the end of time Jesus Christ will rise again and all who have died will be resurrected for the Last Judgment. This is when the kingdom of God will be fully established; in Revelation 21 it states that an army of angels will come down from heaven to fight those who oppose God and reestablish Gods eternal reign over all of his creations. It is the final day ware the wicked will be punished and the righteous rewarded. Therefore those who want to be saved must repent for their sins and follow the teachings of Jesus Christ so that they can be with him after Judgment day. The Catholic Church believes that upon death those souls who have been saved do not go straight to heaven but go through a process of purification in purgatory in order to be cleansed before they can be in Gods presence. Souls who have not been saved however go straight to hell to be damned for all eternity. They also believe that those who have not been baptized cannot go to heaven for they commit original sin, but dwell in Limbo, if they have died without moral sin. Waiting for the Day of Judgment when Jesus will come back to earth to bring those souls to heaven. The Orthodox Church believes that both heaven and hell are in the same dimension, and one does not experience either separated from God, hell just like heaven is simply being with God although hell still means living in eternal damnation and suffering. According to the orthodox tradition God loves all human being including the sinners, therefore he does not cut anyone off from himself but instead those who go to hell are t hose who self-exclude themselves from everybody else .The Protestants believe that hell was created by God in order to punish the devil, and his fallen angels. It is believed that after judgment day those souls who did not seek deliverance from God while on earth would be sent to hell to be punished for their sins, which are most people. However unlike Martin Luther who believed that the soul stayed unconscious and slept after death, John Calvin, believed that souls maintain awareness after physical death and went straight to hell upon dying. He based this off of the fact that Protestants believed that because Jesus Christ had already paid for our sins on the cross, there should be nothing stopping ones soul from going straight into heaven or hell. Islam The description for life after death in the Islamic faith comes from the Quran, which states two main concepts for the afterlife or Akhirah, the oneness of God and the unavoidable day of resurrection, the Islamic Day of Judgment. Due to this In Islam human beings experience are broken down into four stages, the first two are mans experience on earth (1. the stage of the womb and 2. The stage of the mortal world). It is in these two stages that man is tested to determine his place in the afterlife. Muslims believe that God holds every human being whether they are Muslim or not accountable for their actions and deed while they live on earth. Therefore it is taught within Islam that the only purpose to life is the preparation for the afterlife and attaining a spot in paradise. In order to do this the Quran teaches that mans has to practice integrity and generosity to others and to devote ones self to Allah, the one and only God. Salvation only comes with the practice of moral and ethica l responsibility while on earth. The last two stages are mans experience once the spirit leaves its earthly body. The stage of the grave, known as Barzakh, is broken down into three events; the first is when the soul leaves the body, the second is the reflection of ones actions and endeavors while alive, and the third is a state of cold sleep where man awaits Judgment day. The final stage, the hereafter or rest of eternity comes after the Day of Judgment, when all human beings have been resurrected and judged in the eyes of God to either spend their eternal lives in Jannah (heaven or paradise) if they were virtuous or Jahannam (hell or spiritual state of suffering) if they were unrighteous or in denial of the truth of Allah. There are two different types of souls that are excluded from these stages and do not have to wait till Judgment day; the first are those who die fighting in Gods name, they are honored by immediately being allowed to rise to paradise by Gods side; and the secon d are those who are the enemy of Islam, they are punished by going straight to the spiritual plane of suffering. However, those who are sent to hell do have the ability to ascend to the spiritual state of heaven once they have been purified by Jahannam unless they are non-muslim or Kafir, then they are punished for eternity. Both Jannah and Jahannam have different levels within their own spiritual plane, each reserved, depending on how one was measure during their time on earth. Buddhism Due to the fact that Buddhism was born out of Hinduism it contains some of the same basic principles for the afterlife, such as rebirth after death (individual passing from one form to another) and karma (accumulated sums of ones good or bad deeds), along with the same end goal to escape the never ending cycle of reincarnation because life is suffering. This escape is only obtainable if one lets go of all their desires they hold on the earth using the Buddhist form of liberation or Nirvana. Nirvana is not a place or a state, but the end of rebirth, directly translated it means extinction, referring to the elimination of all ones desires, allowing one to become free from all earthy attachments. Buddhism diverts from Hindu beliefs on the subject of eternal souls, according to Buddha human beings do not obtain a soul. His doctrine of anatta explains that because individuals experience memories, impulses, traditions, desires and so on, they are deceived into thinking that they have souls because these attachments can be perceived as encompassing an ego. However this is not the case, humans are just a container of emotions and habits that are reused over and over again as the body is reincarnated life after life. Therefore in order to escape from the constant suffering that is existence humans need to purge themselves of their false self, leaving nothing to reincarnate hence being free of the cycle(8). The type of rebirth one may have depends on the how moral ones actions were in his or her previous life. For example if one projected negativity such as hatred or greed, committing physical or emotional harm to those around him or her, that person would be reborn into a lower realm (a.k.a animal, ghost, demon etc.). If one were to promote positive and constructive actions based on love, metta (kindness) and peace they would be reincarnated into a happy realm, becoming a person or arising into a heavenly realm in their next life. In death one need to stay aware of the dying process for as long as possible, because as one passes the thoughts that are experienced impacts either the state they are in after death, or if nirvana is not achieved, their next reincarnation experience. According to Tibetan Buddhism after death, the spirit goes through bardos (a limbo like plane were the individual waits till rebirth), this is made up of three different stages spread over forty-nine days. The first stage is called Chikai Bardo or the bardo of dying which can take from a half a day to four, after death, giving the deceased time to realize they have passed. In that moment of realization the spirit experiences a euphoric awareness of a clear white light. For those who are more spiritually intuitive this awareness last longer and will lead to a higher plane of truth. However for the average person this will not happen and their spirit will descend into a secondary state or clear light. In the second stage, Chonyid Bardo or bardo of Luminous mind. The individual will experience the backlash of the karma they had created during their life, facing vision of both serene and wrathful representations of human feelings. In order to achieve nirvana the spirit has to confront and navigate itself through these personifications free of harm. The third stage is the process of rebirth/reincarnation and it is called Sidpa Bardo or the bardo of rebirth. It is only the truly enlightened spirits that have shed all their earthly desires through nirvana that can skip the process of the three bardos and ascend directly to the dimension of paradise. Hinduism Like Buddhism Hinduism believes in reincarnation, however Hinduism sees the soul (atman) as immortal and eternal while the body is the one that undergoes constant birth and death. A soul goes through the process of reincarnation over and over again until it has fully developed and becomes perfect. Perfection however is not an easy feat, a soul has to enter many bodies live many different lives and have many different experiences. Only after this can a soul finally become part of the divine. For those soles that are never able to make the transformation to perfection, they will only be able to be one with god again through the process of great destruction. Destruction is needed in order to end the cycle of creation, which for Hindus only occurs once the individual spirit separates from the source. After the process of creation has occurred and the soul and true self has separated from the One, it conceals itself and becomes part of an uncivilized form that has both a jiva also known a s a false self, and an ego. Because of the ego the form is cursed with earthly attachments such as desires and urges. The Jiva and ego also suffer from delusions and ignorance, the soul having lost all of its knowledge of truth upon separating from God. For this reason they behave in a self-centered manner displaying characteristics that are both selfish and inconsiderate. It is because of this childish behavior, as though they are the only ones in the universe and are completely different from other beings that the soul suffers as it does. Upon death the jiva and soul survive this time period is seen as both a period of recuperation and learning. Before being reincarnated into another physical body the soul has to go through judgment based on its past lifes Karma. Depending on the morality of their past deeds along with how many other past births they have experienced, the jiva either goes to heaven or hell until they have been rewarded or punished enough for its past life actions. Then taking the knowledge that it has gained from this experience and ready to try again the jiva is prepared to be born again. It is through Karma that the true self slowly awakes within the jiva, because it teaches the jiva that good actions bring about positive results and bad actions pain therefore by making mistakes and learning from them the jiva will overcome its ignorance. This however takes time, therefore throughout the cycle of life the individual jiva experiences a limitless number of births and deaths also known as Samsara. The purpose for this is that each time a jiva is reborn it brings a little bit more knowledge from its time in between physical bodies helping it to gradually realize its unity with God and self. Each physical body it is born into, like in Buddhism, depends on its deeds in its previous life; therefore the jiva may be reincarnated into a lesser life or a higher life. It is not until the jiva has gone through a countless number of rebirths and lifetimes that it can begin to gain some awareness to the truths around it and seek higher forms of happiness. It is this self-awareness that will bring completely detached or want of earthly pleasures and desires that the jiva is in search for, because only then can it be completely liberated (moksha)from the constant cycle of death and birth. The afterlife allows for so many possibilities because no one truly knows what will become of them or their soul once they have passed on. Each of these religions explores different theories and philosophies and has come to their own ideas on the subject, however despite their differences one similar tenant does run through them. They all agree that in the afterlife one will be punished or rewarded based on their actions while on earth. Whether it is by a supreme being such as God while existing in another world (heaven or hell) such as the Christians and Muslims believe or through the correction mechanism like Karma that comes through being reincarnated in which the Buddhist and Hindus believe.

The Feminine Mystique and the Organization Man Essay -- essays researc

For many years society has embraced the idea that the difference between men and women were biologically determined. Others see not only the physical but also the social, emotional and intellectual differences between males and females. Though through traditions, media, and press, we act accordingly to how others view us. Each individual has pressure placed upon them based on their genders. Our sex is determined by genetics while our gender is programmed by social customs. Gender roles by definition are the social norms that dictate what is socially appropriate male and female behavior. Some theories interpret that a woman is tender and a loving mother, while on the other hand men are aggressive and are the dominant one of the family. An individual gender role is modeled through socialization. Individuals learn the ways, traditions, norms, and rules of getting along with others. A person’s environment has a big influence on the roles deemed expectable for men and women.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The fact that gender roles exist is indisputable. Gender roles influence men and women in virtually every area of life. Early into childhood girls and boys are treated differently in families, schools, and other institutions. Most children are raised with the belief that girls are pretty in pink and boys are rough in blue. As infants grow older, their parents’ ideas about gender stereotypes continue to influence how their children are treated. Mothers and fathers tend to look at their baby girls as more fragile than their boys. Girls are encouraged to play with dolls, while boys are taught to play with trucks and army toys. This can be seen at just about any playground, schoolroom, or home in America. Commercials on TV show these same characteristics everyday. When a commercial for a Barbie doll comes on, you don’t see a boy playing with it. In fact you don’t see a boy in the commercial at all. Just the opposite is true for boys’ toys. Girls aren’t seen in their commercials either. There is TV shows that work the same way. When I was a kid, I watched cartoons like Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles, and my sister watched ones like Care Bears. Each show was obviously made and watched predominately by one gender. Girls don’t watch Ninja Turtles and boys don’t watch Care Bears. In present time, there is a whole channel devoted just to women. Women’s Entertainment Televi... ...children alone. Because of this, men are seen as the problem in relationships and the reason that there are so men single mothers. Once again if you look at television talk shows, you can see how many single mothers there are. Shows about troubled children, the fathers are never there. But it’s alright for women to raise children independently?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Gender equality has been a social concern since man first stepped foot on the earth. When we think of gender equality discrimination is the first thought that comes to mind. Gender roles by definition are the social norms that dictate what is socially male and female behavior. The argument begins between these two sides when the gender roles in society are looked at more closely; are they fair on both sides, or do they in fact discriminate against he two sexes. Men are taught to be emotionless in times of stress and women are taught to be helpless and needy. This is how our society expects men and women to behave. Maybe in the near future as a culture we will use gender transcendence, in which as a people we will abandon our assigned gender ideas, so that other aspects of life become separated and gender free.

Paper :: Essays Papers

Paper Since the recent terrorist attacks on the United States of America, politicians and policy makers are considering anti-terrorist legislation. This would include plans to implement a national identification card. The proposed national identification cards would include features such as magnetic stripes, holograms, and integrated circuits. â€Å"This magnetic stripe is expected soon to contain a digitized fingerprint, retina scan, voice print, and other biometric identifiers, and it will leave an electronic trail every time you use it†(1). I feel that since September 11, 2001, many Americans feel insecure and unsafe. Research done by the Pew Research Center shows that, â€Å"seven out of ten Americans favor a national-ID card program in which like the French system, the cards would have to be presented to the police upon demand†(2). In fact there are many developed countries that have a system of national ID cards such as: Germany, France, Belgium, Greece, Luxembourg, Portugal, Spain, Hong Kong, Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand. It should also be noted that there are many developed countries that do not have such a system: United States, Canada, New Zealand, Australia, Ireland, the Nordic countries, and Sweden. I think that the terrorist attack on the United States is unsettling. It makes you feel unsafe in your own country. I do not think that September 11 is a good reason for us to adapt a national ID card. Lori Cole, executive director of the Eagle Forum states, â€Å"We don’t want to see Congress pass something in a rush because everyone is fearful to get on an airplane right now† (3). I think that on February 20, 2002 Pramod Shrestha posted something on the discussion forum that was interesting about how national ID cards would combat terrorism, â€Å"Several countries including Hong Kong, Ma laysia, Singapore, Thailand and in most European countries have already issued National ID Card System, however, "no one has been able to identify any country where cards have deterred terrorists." If this is true then a national ID card system would not solve the problem it was proposed for. â€Å"National ID cards have long been advocated as a means to enhance national security, unmask potential terrorists, and guard against illegal immigrants† (4). In fact the chairman and CEO of Oracle recently advocated the national ID card system as a way to address airport security. I do not think that national ID cards will solve the problems that it proposes.

Pakistan Studies

B. 2 Natural Resources – An Issue of Sustainability d)_Fish (Syllabus 2011) d)_Fish Candidates should be able to †¢ describe the fishing methods used in both marine and inland waters, including fish farms, †¢ give examples of the fish caught in both marine & inland waters & of the fish reared on fish farms, †¢ give examples of the fishing ports on both the Balochistan and Sindh coasts, †¢ describe the uses of the fish caught. explain improvements in fishing methods and processing techniques †¢ understand the problems facing the fishing industry and evaluate the possibilities for its further development and sustainability ____________________________________________________________________________ Question: 2 (May / June 2000) (d) (i) For marine fishing name the main catch and the most important export market for the catch. [2] (ii) For inland fishing state where and why fish are caught. [5] Question: 2(October / November 2002) (a) Study the following. Fish Group 1 – crab, lobster, prawns (jhinga), sardines, sharkGroup 2 – hila, mahseer, palla, trout Group 3 – herring, mackerel, sardines, shark Fishing Areas A – inland fisheries (freshwater) B – Makran (Balochistan) Coast C – Indus Delta (Sindh) Coast (i) In which fishing area are the fish in group 1 caught? [1] (ii) In which fishing area are the fish in group 2 caught? [1] (iii) Describe the fishing industry of the Makran Coast with reference to methods of catching the fish, ports and the uses of the fish caught. [6] (iv) Increasingly fish are obtained from fish farms. Describe this method of producing fish. 4] (v) Why are fish so plentiful in the mangroves of the Indus Delta Coast? [4] Question: 4(October / November 2003) (b) (i) State and explain the main functions of the ports on the Balochistan coast. [5] (ii) Why are the ports in Balochistan small? [4] Question: 3 (May / June 2004) (a) Study Photograph (opposite) which shows part of a fish farm at Faiz, south of Multan. (i) Describe the lay-out and features of the fish farm. [4] (ii) How has the physical topography of the area made it easy to construct the ponds? [3] (iii) Where has the material come from that has been used to make the banks of the ponds? 1] (b) Why is fish farming of growing importance in Pakistan? Credit will be given if you name a species of fresh water fish reared on fish farms. [4] Question: 1 (May / June 2005) (b) (iii) The area of mangrove forest has decreased in size in recent years. How and why has this affected the local fisheries? [2] Question: 4 (May / June 2008) (a) (i) Name two fishing ports on the coast of Balochistan. [2] (ii) Name two types of marine fish caught by fishermen. [2] (iii) Describe subsistence fishing methods. [3] (iv) Explain how these methods can be improved to make fishing commercial. 4] (b) (i) How can fish be stored and processed onshore? [3] (ii) Why is fish processing called ‘value-added’? [1] ( iii) How does the poor infrastructure of Balochistan make development of the Fishing industry difficult? [4] (c) Study Fig. (opposite), a graph comparing the production of marine and inland fisheries in Pakistan. (i) Compare the changes shown in the graph. [3] (ii) Explain why more people are employed in inland fisheries than marine fishing. [3] Question: 2(October / November 2008) (c) (ii) Explain how industries can pollute river and sea water. 4] (iii) Explain how this pollution affects fishing. [3] Question: 1(October / November 2010) (b) Study Fig. (opposite), which shows the weight of marine fish caught 1996–2006. The weight of fish caught in 2006 was less than in 1996. (i) Suggest two reasons for this decrease. [2] (ii) Describe how the weight of fish caught changed in the years between 1996 and 2006. [3] (c) Describe how marine fishing methods can be improved. [5] (d) Study Fig. (opposite). With reference to Fig. (opposite), explain the advantages and disadvantages of developing the fishing industry in Pakistan. [6] Pakistan Studies B. 2 Natural Resources – An Issue of Sustainability d)_Fish (Syllabus 2011) d)_Fish Candidates should be able to †¢ describe the fishing methods used in both marine and inland waters, including fish farms, †¢ give examples of the fish caught in both marine & inland waters & of the fish reared on fish farms, †¢ give examples of the fishing ports on both the Balochistan and Sindh coasts, †¢ describe the uses of the fish caught. explain improvements in fishing methods and processing techniques †¢ understand the problems facing the fishing industry and evaluate the possibilities for its further development and sustainability ____________________________________________________________________________ Question: 2 (May / June 2000) (d) (i) For marine fishing name the main catch and the most important export market for the catch. [2] (ii) For inland fishing state where and why fish are caught. [5] Question: 2(October / November 2002) (a) Study the following. Fish Group 1 – crab, lobster, prawns (jhinga), sardines, sharkGroup 2 – hila, mahseer, palla, trout Group 3 – herring, mackerel, sardines, shark Fishing Areas A – inland fisheries (freshwater) B – Makran (Balochistan) Coast C – Indus Delta (Sindh) Coast (i) In which fishing area are the fish in group 1 caught? [1] (ii) In which fishing area are the fish in group 2 caught? [1] (iii) Describe the fishing industry of the Makran Coast with reference to methods of catching the fish, ports and the uses of the fish caught. [6] (iv) Increasingly fish are obtained from fish farms. Describe this method of producing fish. 4] (v) Why are fish so plentiful in the mangroves of the Indus Delta Coast? [4] Question: 4(October / November 2003) (b) (i) State and explain the main functions of the ports on the Balochistan coast. [5] (ii) Why are the ports in Balochistan small? [4] Question: 3 (May / June 2004) (a) Study Photograph (opposite) which shows part of a fish farm at Faiz, south of Multan. (i) Describe the lay-out and features of the fish farm. [4] (ii) How has the physical topography of the area made it easy to construct the ponds? [3] (iii) Where has the material come from that has been used to make the banks of the ponds? 1] (b) Why is fish farming of growing importance in Pakistan? Credit will be given if you name a species of fresh water fish reared on fish farms. [4] Question: 1 (May / June 2005) (b) (iii) The area of mangrove forest has decreased in size in recent years. How and why has this affected the local fisheries? [2] Question: 4 (May / June 2008) (a) (i) Name two fishing ports on the coast of Balochistan. [2] (ii) Name two types of marine fish caught by fishermen. [2] (iii) Describe subsistence fishing methods. [3] (iv) Explain how these methods can be improved to make fishing commercial. 4] (b) (i) How can fish be stored and processed onshore? [3] (ii) Why is fish processing called ‘value-added’? [1] ( iii) How does the poor infrastructure of Balochistan make development of the Fishing industry difficult? [4] (c) Study Fig. (opposite), a graph comparing the production of marine and inland fisheries in Pakistan. (i) Compare the changes shown in the graph. [3] (ii) Explain why more people are employed in inland fisheries than marine fishing. [3] Question: 2(October / November 2008) (c) (ii) Explain how industries can pollute river and sea water. 4] (iii) Explain how this pollution affects fishing. [3] Question: 1(October / November 2010) (b) Study Fig. (opposite), which shows the weight of marine fish caught 1996–2006. The weight of fish caught in 2006 was less than in 1996. (i) Suggest two reasons for this decrease. [2] (ii) Describe how the weight of fish caught changed in the years between 1996 and 2006. [3] (c) Describe how marine fishing methods can be improved. [5] (d) Study Fig. (opposite). With reference to Fig. (opposite), explain the advantages and disadvantages of developing the fishing industry in Pakistan. [6]